从经济学角度论节能环保的战略意义

节能环保是一个技术性的概念,更是一个经济学意义上的概念,它不仅具有微观经济属性,而且也具有宏观经济属性。微观经济属性表现在,作为生产经营主体的企业在节能环保投资和决策中首先表现的是经济人的属性,注重投资和回报的比例关系,追求利益最大化;而宏观经济属性则表现在对于整个国家经济生活的影响,涉及一个国家的低碳经济发展战略、能源价格、国家能源安全、经济结构调整以及可持续发展等诸多方面。节能环保的宏观经济属性相对其微观经济属性更具有长远的战略意义。节能环保不仅为经济社会的可持续发展提供动力和坚强后盾,而且其本身也具有重要的经济价值和产业带动效应。在节能环保框架体系中,存在着管理者、实施者和利益相关者三方行为人之间的博弈。经济价值与社会责任的兼顾,使得三方行为人经过相互妥协最终形成一个多方都能接受的共同目标,促成三方合作博弈,以激励政策和制度约束为纽带,结成利益共同体,实现节能环保产业的快速发展。

The Strategic Significance of Energy Saving and Environmental Protection from Economics Perspective

Energy saving and environmental protection is not only a technical concept but also an economic concept.It has both microeconomic and macroeconomic attributes.Its microeconomic attributes are reflected in the fact that as the main player in the productive sector,enterprises first exhibit the attributes of ＂economic man＂ when investing in energy saving and environmental protection and making decisions.They place high value on the proportions between investment and reward and pursue the maximization of interests.The macroeconomic attributes of energy saving and environmental protection are reflected in its influence on the entire economy of the country.It relates to a range of aspects of a country,including low-carbon economic development strategy,energy prices,national energy security,economic structure adjustment and sustainable development.Compared with its microeconomic attributes,the macroeconomic attributes of energy saving and environ- mental protection are of more long-term strategic significance.In addition to providing power and strong support to sustainable economic growth ,energy saving and environmental protection itself has important economic value and can drive forward growth of industries.In the energy saving and environmental protection framework,there is a game played by three parties-the administrator,the implementer and stakeholders as a whole. The requirement for achieving both economic value and social responsibility objectives brings the above three parties together to compromise and negotiate a common objective accepted by every party and to play a cooperative game and form a community of interests,linked up by policy incentives and institutional constraints, to push the energy saving and environmental protection industry to grow rapidly.