波动方程基准面在速度估计中的应用

深层勘探是大庆油田今后勘探的主要任务。如何消除上覆地层给深层勘探带来的地震信号能量弱、分辨能力低、信噪比低的不利因素以及克服上覆地层层速度横向不均匀的影响、解决复杂地质体成像(尤其是深部成像)问题是今后勘探需要解决的核心问题，因此研究了利用共炮点道集和共接收点道集向下延拓的波动方程基准面方法进行复杂地质体的速度分析。在集成基准面技术和叠前深度偏移的最新研究成果基础上，提出了一种不受地表的不规则程度和其结构的复杂程度或速度函数限制的基准面向下延拓方式。通过Marmoushi模型实验证明，该方法用于深层复杂地质体的速度分析时，可得到比延拓前更好的速度分析结果，尤其是在速度出现反转时，延拓后的效果更好。

The Application of Wave-equation Datum in Velocity-analysis

The main task of future exploration in Daqing Oilfield is deep layer exploration. It is the kernel problem to study from now that how to remove the bad inflections (such as weakly seismic signals) to deep layer' sexploration from upper layers, how to overcome the harming infection from the upper layers' spatial speed variety, and to have good seismic image of complicated geological body, especially in deep layer. It is the main topic of this paper that how to make analysis-velocity in deep complicated geological body using datum technology both in shot gather and in receiver gather field. A operator is given in this paper that can deal with irregular surface,complicated structure and variable velocity, It is based on the up-to-date research results of datum and prestack depth migration. It is proved by application and theory that the method has a better effect after datuming than before datuming in velocity-analysis, especially in complicated geological body or the reversal velocity case.