棘托竹荪蛋中的挥发性成分分析研究

采用同时蒸馏萃取法(SDE)结合气质联用仪(GC-MS)对棘托竹荪蛋的挥发性成分进行分析,同时采用芳香萃取物稀释法(AEDA)结合嗅闻仪(GC-O)对其挥发性成分进行了鉴定。研究结果表明通过GC-MS从棘托竹荪蛋中共鉴定出97种挥发性成分,其中包括18种醛、13种酮、11种醇、8种呋喃类化合物、6种含氮化合物、2种含硫化合物、3种酚、4种酯、3种大环化合物、21种酸、7种烃和1种醚;采用GC-O鉴定出12种稀释系数(FD)在1～27之间的活性香成分,包括3-甲基丁醛(FD27,0.88mg/kg,果香、似巧克力的香气)、己醛(FD27,13.41mg/kg,青香)、1-辛烯-3-酮(FD27,3.01mg/kg,蘑菇香)、糠醛(FD27,62.16mg/kg,甜香,烤香)、5-甲基糠醛(FD27,25.55mg/kg,焦糖香)、2,4-癸二烯醛(FD27,1.83mg/kg,青香,甜香,似柑橘香)等。可以为进一步开发、研究竹荪功能性食品,以及对竹荪进行安全性评价等提供基础数据和理论依据。

Study on identification of volatile compounds from dried embryo of Dictyophora Echinovolvata Zang,Zheng et Hu

The volatile compounds extracted from dried embryo of Dictyophora Echinovolvata Zang,Zheng et Hu by simultaneous distillation and extraction(SDE)were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and the aroma-active compounds were investigated by using aroma extract dilution analysis(AEDA)and gas chromatography-olfactometry(GC-O).Total of 97 compounds were identified,including 18 aldehydes,13 ketones,11 alcohols,8 furans,6 nitrogen-containing compounds,2 sulfur-containing compounds,3 phenolic compounds,4 esters,3 macrocyclic compounds,21 acids,7 hydrocarbons,1 ether.12 odor-active compounds were identified,showing a flavor dilution(FD)factor in the range of 1~27,including 3-methyl butanal(FD 27,0.88mg/kg,fruity,chocolate-like),hexanal(FD 27,13.41mg/kg,green,leafy),1-octen-3-one(FD 27,3.01mg/kg,mushroom),furfural(FD 27,62.16mg/kg,sweet,roasted),5-methylfurfural(FD 27,25.55mg/kg,sweet,spicy,caramel-like odor),2,4-decadienal(FD 27,1.83mg/kg,green,sweet,orange-like),and so on.