FDM技术中加热底板样式对翘曲变形的影响研究

针对熔融沉积成型（fused deposition modeling，FDM）过程中存在的典型缺陷--翘曲变形，以加热底板样式为研究重点，对比ANSYS数值模拟结果与成型实验数据，探究普通加热底板与九宫格加热底板对成型件翘曲变形量的影响。在数值模拟过程中，采用生死单元技术建立2种加热底板上成型件温度场模型，再采用热-力间接耦合的方法分析成型件的应力分布，最后得到成型件翘曲变形的位移云图，分析2种加热底板上成型件的翘曲变形量。在进行成型实验时，分别在普通加热底板与九宫格加热底板上打印试件，再进行2种加热底板成型件的4个角点的翘曲变形量的测量。对比2种加热底板上成型件在ANSYS数值模拟与成型实验中的最大翘曲变形量，结果表明：九宫格加热底板相比普通加热底板能更好地减小由成型件残余应力导致的翘曲变形，即在实际打印成型过程中，不需要对3D打印机的生产参数作任何调整，只需要将工作平台处的普通加热底板换为九宫格加热底板则能极大地减小成型件的翘曲变形，有助于得到具有较高质量精度的成型产品，这对提高成型产品质量具有重要的参考意义。

Study on the effect of heating baseplate style on warpage deformation in FDM technology

In view of the typical defect-warpage deformation in the forming process of fused deposition modeling (FDM), taking the style of heating baseplate as the research focus, the numerical simulation results got by ANSYS were compared with the molding experimental data in order to investigate the influence of the ordinary heating baseplate and the jiugongge heating baseplate on the warpage deformation amount of the molded part. In the process of numerical simulation, the temperature field model of molded part on two kinds of heating baseplate was set up by the life and death unit technology, and then the thermal-force indirect coupling method was used to analyze the stress distribution of molded part. Finally the warpage deformation displacement cloud chart of the molded part was obtained and the warpage deformation amount of molded part on two kinds of heating baseplate was analyzed. In the molding experiment, the molded part was printed on the ordinary heating baseplate and the jiugongge heating baseplate, and the warpage deformation amounts of 4 corner points of molded part on two kinds of heating baseplate were measured. In the ANSYS numerical simulation and molding experiment, the maximum warpage deformation amount of the molded part on two kinds of heating baseplate was compared. The analysis result showed that the warpage deformation caused by the residual stress of the molded part on the Jiugongge heating baseplate reduced more compared with that on the ordinary heating baseplate, that was to say, in the actual printing process, the production parameters of the 3D printer were not needed to make any adjustments, only need to replace the ordinary heating baseplate at the work platform with the jiugongge heating baseplate, which could greatly reduce the deformation of the molded part. It is helpful to obtain high quality molding product, and has an important reference value for improving the quality of molded product.