八角特色资源加工利用产业发展现状

八角是我国特色天然植物资源，广泛用于香精香料、食品和医药领域。综述了八角资源量、分布情况及利用部位：世界上85%以上的八角资源产自中国的广西和云南，全国八角种植总面积47.27万公顷，八角干果年均产量约20.69万t，以果实和枝叶利用为主。介绍了八角干果、茴油等初级产品和八角油树脂、茴脑、草蒿脑、莽草酸、茴香醛等深加工产品，以及其加工工艺、质量要求和检测方法。分析了干果加工、茴油提取、精深加工和其他高价值有效成分提取等八角加工利用产业的发展现状、趋势，指出目前八角加工利用产业存在以干果原料直接食用为主、深加工利用比例很少、精深加工技术和新产品开发严重滞后等问题，并提出未来八角加工利用产业的建议与对策：提升精深加工技术、扩大新产品开发和拓宽产品应用面。

Developing Situation of Processing and Utilization Industry of Characteristic Resources of Star Anise(Illicium verum)

Star anise(Illicium verum) is a characteristic natural plant resources in China, and widely used in the field of spicery, food and medicine. More than 85% of star anise resources in the world are produced in Guangxi and Yunnan of China. The total cultivated area of star anise are 472 700 hm², and the annual average yield of star anise is about 206 900 t. The use of star anise is mainly fruits, branches and leaves. The processing technology, quality requirements and detection method of star anise characteristic resources including primary products of dried fruit and anise oil, and deeply processed products of oleoresin, anethole, estragole, shikimic acid and anisaldehyde, and so on were introduced. The development status and trends of processing and utilization of star anise including processing of dried fruit, extraction of anise oil, deep processing and extraction of other high-value active ingredients were analyzed. The problems of direct consumption of dried fruit raw materials, the low proportion of deep processing and utilization, and the serious lag in deep processing technology and new products development were pointed out. In the future, the processing and utilization industry of star anise should focus on improving deep processing technology, expanding new product development and broadening product application.