荧光定量PCR技术在食品快速检测中的应用

荧光定量聚合酶链式反应（real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction，qPCR）是一种将聚合酶链式反应（polymerase chain reaction，PCR）扩增与实时检测相结合的技术，也是近年来食品快速检测技术的研究热点之一。与传统PCR技术相比，它具有耗时短、操作简单、灵敏度高、特异性强等优势。本文简要概述了荧光定量PCR技术的基本原理、发展历程、分类及特点，综述了荧光定量PCR技术在食源性致病菌、掺杂掺假、转基因食品、过敏原、食源性寄生虫、可食用昆虫等食品检测中的应用，并对荧光定量PCR技术及其在食品快速检测中应用的前景进行了展望。

Application of Real-time Quantitative PCR Technology in Food Rapid Detection

Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)is a technology that combines polymerase chain reaction(PCR)amplification with real-time detection,and also one of the research hotspots of food rapid detection technology in recent years.It has the advantages of short time-consuming,simple operation,high sensitivity,and strong specificity,compared with traditional PCR technology.This article briefly outlines the basic principles,development process,classification,and characteristics of real-time qPCR technology.The application in the detection of food-borne pathogens,adulteration,genetically modified foods,allergens,food-borne parasites,and edible insects is reviewed.The prospects of real-time qPCR technology and its application in food rapid detection are predicted.