铜尾矿生态护坡植生基材配制及种植试验研究

以铜尾矿固废替代天然土壤,采用硫铝酸盐水泥为粘结剂,以甘蔗渣、聚丙烯酰胺、土壤保水剂、酸性化肥、有机菌肥为改良剂,对铜尾矿的性质改良,配制成生态护坡基材。通过测试分析和种植试验,研究了生态护坡基材的理化性质和植物生长特征。结果表明,硫铝酸盐水泥在提高护坡基材强度的同时使PH值升高,酸性化肥能中和水泥水化反应的碱性,随着时间的推移,基材的PH值逐渐降低至适宜植物生长的范围；甘蔗渣、聚丙烯酰胺、土壤保水剂和有机菌肥的加入,增强了护坡基材的土壤肥力和抗旱性能,使基材具有植物生长所需的类土壤结构和营养元素。较优的基材配比为：硫铝酸盐水泥12%、甘蔗渣4%、聚丙烯酰胺0.4%、土壤保水剂0.15%、酸性化肥1.2%、有机菌肥5%。

The Preparation of Vegetation Substrate for Slop Ecological Restoration by Copper Tailings and Planting Experiment

Copper tailings are used to replace the natural soil, using sulphoaluminate cement as binder, adding bagasse, polyacrylamide, water retaining agent, acid chemical fertilizer and organic bacterial fertilizer to improve the properties of copper tailings, production of vegetation substrate for slop ecological restoration. The physical and chemical properties of vegetation substrate and characteristics of plant growth were studied through test and planting experiments. The results showed that the sulphoaluminate cement could increase the strength of the vegetation substrate and the PH value, and the PH value of the vegetation substrate decreased gradually to the suitable range for plant growth; The mixture of bagasse, polyacrylamide , water retaining agent and organic bacterial fertilizer, improved the physical and chemistry properties of copper tailings , enhanced the fertility and water retention of the substrate, the vegetation substrate is provided with soil-like structure and the nutrition for plant growth. The suitable ratio of substrate is: sulphoaluminate cement 12%, bagasse 4% , polyacrylamide 0.4% , water retaining agent 0.15% , acid chemical fertilizer 1.2% , organic bacterial fertilizer 5%.