基于不同阀口形状的阀芯旋转式电液激振器振动波形研究

为了给阀芯旋转式电液激振器的阀口形状设计提供依据，设计三角形阀口、半圆形阀口以及矩形阀口的阀芯旋转式四通换向阀，分别对三种不同阀口建立对应的过流面积模型。在分析该电液激振器工作原理的基础之上，建立数学模型，对该电液激振器在三种不同阀口形状下的振动波形进行理论数值仿真和试验验证研究。研究结果表明：矩形阀口的过流面积呈线性变化，三角形阀口和半圆形阀口的过流面积呈非线性变化；在三种不同阀口形状中，矩形阀口的过流面积峰值最大，半圆形阀口的过流面积峰值最小；采用矩形阀口可以在供油压力一定的情况下获得振幅最大的振动波形，但同时加速度波动最大；采用半圆形阀口可以在振幅一定的情况下获得加速度波动最小的振动波形，但需要提供最大的供油压力。

Research on Vibration Waveform of Electro-hydraulic Exciter with Rotary Valve Based on Different Valve Port Shapes

In order to provide the reference for design of valve port shape of electro-hydraulic exciter with rotary valve, rotary valves with triangle valve port, half round valve port and rectangular valve port are designed, and flow area model of three different valve port shapes is established. Based on analysis of the work principle of the electro-hydraulic exciter, mathematical model of the exciter is established, and vibration waveforms of the electro-hydraulic exciter are numerically simulated and experimentally validated. The results indicate that the flow area of rectangular valve port is linear and the flow area of triangle valve port and half round valve port is non-linear. Among the three different valve port shapes, the flow area peak of rectangular valve port is highest and the flow area peak of half round valve port is lowest. The vibration waveform with highest amplitude can be obtained by using rectangular valve port under the condition of the same oil pressure, but the acceleration fluctuation is largest at the same time. The vibration waveform with smallest acceleration fluctuation can be obtained by using half round valve port under the condition of the same amplitude, but the highest oil pressure must be supplied.