Recycling of waste pickle acid by precipitation of metal fluoride hydrates |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Ausmelt Ltd, Australia;2. Helsinki University of Technology, Finland;1. Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India;2. Laboratoire CRISMAT, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS, 6 Bd Maréchal Juin, F-14050 Caen, France;1. Département de Génie Physique, (LPMF), Faculté des Sciences, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie d′Oran, Mohamed Boudiaf, Oran, Algeria;2. LGCgE, Polytech''Lille, Université Lille 1 Sciences et Technologie, Cité Scientifique, Avenue Paul Langevin, 59655 Villeneuve D′Ascq Cedex, France;1. Institute of Chemistry, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Stoletiya Vladivostoka 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russian Federation;2. Far East Federal University, Sukhanova 8, 690950 Vladivostok, Russian Federation;3. Moscow State Institute of Steel and Alloys (Technology University), Leninsky pr. 4, 117936 Moscow, Russian Federation;1. Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Tunisia;2. Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian Province, People’s Republic of China;3. Laboratoire de Chimie Organométallique de Surface (LCOMS), Ecole Supérieure de Chimie Physique Electronique, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France;4. Cristallographie, Résonance Magnétique et Modélisations, (CRM2), UMR CNRS 7036, Institut Jean Barriol, Université de Lorraine, BP 70239, Bd des Aiguillettes, 54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France;1. Nano-Information Technology Academy (NITA), Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea;2. Quantum-Functional Semiconductor Research Center, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden;1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China;2. National Active Distribution Network Technology Research Center, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, PR China;3. Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South, Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, USA;4. School of Science, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330099, PR China;5. Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing 100081, PR China |
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| Abstract: | Stainless steel is pickled in mixed acid solutions (1–3 M HNO3 and 0.5–4 M HF). The spent solution is usually neutralized with lime, and in Sweden about 18,000 tons/yr of metal hydroxide sludge is disposed as landfill waste. We are developing a cost-saving and environmentally friendly process, involving crystallization of β-FeF3 · 3H2O, where the metal content is recovered and the acid is recycled.Iron has been successfully separated from spent pickle bath solutions by precipitation of β-FeF3 · 3H2O in a continuous crystallizer (10 L scale) where the solution is concentrated by nanofiltration. The crystal growth rate of β-FeF3 · 3H2O has been determined in industrial pickle bath solutions at 50 °C and the results have been compared to previous measurements in pure HF/HNO3 solutions prepared in the laboratory. The growth rate of β-FeF3 · 3H2O crystals at 50 °C is in the order of 10?11 m/s in both industrial and pure acid mixtures. |
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