黟县屏山村宗祠与村落空间结构研究

祠堂是封建宗法制度下的重要建筑类型,它是聚落中最有代表性的公共建筑,对徽州传统村落的规划和空间形态结构影响深远。文章在田野调查的基础上对黟县屏山村祠堂规划选址、平面形制、构成元素等进行归纳整理,分析屏山村祠堂与村落、民宅的空间关系以及空间特征与功能,总结出屏山村祠堂特有的空间组织结构及承载着尊重自然、凝聚宗族、突出伦理的精神内涵。

Study on the Space Structure of the Ancestral Hall and the Village of Pingshan Village in Yixian County

Ancestral hall is one of the important building types under the feudal patriarchal system. It is one of the most representative public buildings in the settlements and has profound influence upon the traditional Huizhou village planning and spatial structure form. Based on fieldwork, this paper summarizes and explores into the planning and site selection, flat shape, constitute elements of Pingshan ancestral temples in Yixian County. Then it analyzes the spatial relationship, spatial features and functions between the ancestral halls and villages, the ancestral halls and dwellings as well. Finally, this paper summarizes the special spatial structure of ancestral temple in the Pingshan village and points out that Pingshan ancestral temple bears the essence of profound Chinese cultural connotations such as respecting nature, tribal clans and highlighting the spirit of ethics.