基于热传导理论的屋顶保温层厚度的优化与设计

为了更好地满足人们对建筑物的舒适性与健康性的要求,针对提高建筑物的保温性能与节约能源、降低建筑造价相互矛盾的现状,运用热传导理论对屋顶的最佳保温层厚度进行了讨论,建立最佳保温层厚度的优化模型。首先,利用多层平壁稳定热传导公式,确定周期内年平均节能费用与保温层厚度的函数关系式;然后以平均节约费用最高为目标建立优化模型,利用MATLAB计算出珍珠岩的最佳保温层厚度应为12.8cm;最后分析并计算了三种可替换保温材料的最佳保温层厚度,绘出三种材料保温层厚度与年单位面积节约费用的效果图,并综合考虑节能效益及材料造价等多方面因素,最终得出聚氨酯为最佳保温材料的结论。

Optimization and Design of Roof Insulation Thickness Based on the Heat Conduction Theory

In order to meet people's comfort and health requirements of buildings better,based on the contradictory be-tween improving the insulation performance of building、saving energy and reducing the cost of building,the authors of this paper discussed the best thickness of insulation layer on the roof by using the theory of heat conduction,and estab-lished the optimum model of the best insulation layer thickness. Firstly, we used the formula of stable heat conduction of multi-layer flat wall to establish the function relation between the annual average energy saving cost in one period and the thickness of the insulation layer;Then we set up an optimization model with the highest average cost saving as a goal,and used MATLAB to calculate the optimum insulation thickness of perlite which should be 12.8cm;Final-ly, we analyzed and calculated the best insulation thickness of three kinds of replaceable insulation materials, and drew the effect pictures of insulation layer thickness of the three kinds of materials and the annual cost saving per unit area, we ultimately drew the conclusion that polyurethane is the best thermal insulation material by considering many kinds of factors,such as the energy saving benefit and material cost and so on.