糖颗粒对HMX和RDX两种单质炸药非冲击点火的影响

为了研究惰性糖颗粒对奥克托今(HMX)和黑索今(RDX)两种单质炸药非冲击点火机理的影响,利用配备了光学观测系统的落锤撞击装置,捕获了含惰性糖颗粒的HMX和RDX经历的破碎、熔化、溅射、点火和燃烧过程。结果表明,在含糖HMX颗粒炸药和含糖RDX粉末炸药中,点火易发生在糖颗粒的周围,燃烧会沿着糖颗粒周围向外部传播;燃烧反应前两者均发生剧烈的溅射现象;含糖HMX颗粒在固相中发生点火;在含糖RDX粉末炸药中,靠近糖颗粒周围的炸药先进入熔融状态,随后熔融区域逐渐扩展,点火点易出现在糖颗粒边缘处的RDX熔融液相中。对比了在HMX/RDX单质炸药中分别加入一个和三个糖颗粒情况下的点火频率,结果表明,三个糖颗粒的情况更容易引起炸药点火;三个糖颗粒由于破碎后产生较多的碎片,其与HMX或RDX单质炸药具有较强的相互作用,可能会在多个位置形成热点,其导致的燃烧反应会比单个糖颗粒的情况更为剧烈。采用上下极限法分析得到,糖颗粒的加入对HMX颗粒炸药的点火具有抑制作用,对于RDX粉末炸药的点火具有促进作用。

Effect of Sugar Particles on Non-Shock Ignition of Two Kinds of Single Compounds HMX and RDX

To study the effect of inert sugar particles on the non-shock ignition mechanism of two kinds of single compounds octogen(HMX) and hexogen(RDX), the processes of undergoing the crushing, melting, sputtering, igniting and combustion of HMX and RDX single compound containing inert particles were captured by a drop weight impact device equipped with anoptical observation system. Results show that the ignition is easy to occur around the sugar particle in the cases of HMX fine particle and RDX powder containing sugar. The combustion will propagate outward along the periphery of the sugar particle, and intense sputtering phenomena occur before the combustion reaction. In the HMX particle with sugar, the ignition occurs in the solid phase. In the RDX powder explosive with sugar, the explosive near the sugar particle enters into the melting state firstly, then the melting region expands gradually, and the ignition points are easy to appear in the molten liquid phase of RDX at the edge of the sugar particle. The ignition frequency of HMX and RDX with one or three sugar particles respectively was compared. Results show that the cases of three sugar particles are more likely to cause the ignition of explosives, because the more fragments are produced after crushing, which interact strongly with HMX or RDX single compound, and may lead the hot spots to form in multiple locations, and the combustion reaction will be more intense than that of the cases of single sugar particle.Finally, the upper and lower limit analysis shows that the addition of sugar particles can inhibit the ignition of HMX fine particles and promote the ignition of RDX powder explosive.