重力式码头抛石基床压缩特性和变形参数试验研究

通过对重力式码头抛石基床的块石体进行原型尺度的压缩试验,研究其压缩特性和变形参数。在钢料筒中随机抛填10～80 kg块石,分级施加压力荷载,观测块石的破碎现象,测试块石体的荷载-压缩量曲线及钢料筒的环向应变,结合有限元分析,得到块石体的应力-应变曲线及变形参数。对5组不同初始孔隙比和级配的块石体试样进行了往复加卸载的压缩试验,结合试验现象和测试数据,分析了块石体的颗粒破碎特性、压缩特性和孔隙比变化特性。块石体的泊松比参数介于0.2～0.3之间,其压缩模量参数与加载次数有关,可分为一次加载、二次加载和多次加载的三个压缩模量参数。重力式码头抛石基床中块石体的应力-应变曲线可以以不同加载次数的历史最大应力为分段点,分段选取对应的压缩模量参数来分段线性表达。

Experimental study on compression characteristics and deformation parameters of the rubble-bedding of gravity quays

The compression characteristics and deformation parameters of the rubble-bedding of gravity quays are investigated by prototype compression test. Stones of 10~80kg are randomly filled in a steel cylin-der, and are imposed to varying levels of compression load. The load-deformation curves of the block stones and the circumferential strain of the steel cylinder are tested. The stress-strain curves and deforma-tion parameters are finally obtained from combined experimental and finite element analysis. Five groups of samples with different initial void ratios and grading curves are studied by compression test of reciprocating loading and unloading. According to the test phenomena and data, the particle crushing characteristics, the compression characteristics and void ratios characteristics of the block stones are analyzed. The Poisson''s ra-tio of the block stones can be assumed as a constant between 0.2 and 0.3. The compressive deformation moduli depend on the numbers of loading and unloading,which can be denoted as three compression modu-lus parameters of initial loading, secondary loading and multiple loading according to the value range. The stress-strain curve of the block stones in the rubble-bedding of gravity quays can be described piecewise by the corresponding modulus of compression according to the loading times of segmented load stress.