供应链上下游企业间弹性数量契约优化模型

为了避免库存积压风险和市场波动风险，供应链下游订货商倾向于制定订货数量较小的合同．但大量数据表明，合同订货数量的增加在一定程度上可以优化供应链的运作绩效．通过对供应链上下游企业间契约制定行为的分析，综合考虑库存成本、订货成本、运输成本和缺货成本，在弹性数量订货方式的基础上，提出了一个可以激励订货商的弹性数量契约优化模型．用一个算例分析检验了该模型，证明应用此模型可以有效地降低供应链的整体成本．

A contract design model with elastic quantity between supply chain enterprises

In order to avoid the stock risk and market fluctuations risk,buyers on supply chain are inclined to making a contract with the less quantity order.As known,the increase of the quantity of contract order can generally optimize the performance of a supply chain operation.Through analyzing the behavior making a contract between the members on a supply chain,and consideiring inventory cost,order cost,transit cost as well as shortage cost,on the basis of the elastic quantity order,an elastic quantity agreement model which increases the order quantity is put forward.An example is given to illustrate that the elastic quantity agreement optimal model can make the cost of the whole supply chain minimum.