焦化加热炉爆管故障分析与预防

焦化加热炉炉管内的物料通常为有杂质容易结焦的混合渣油,如果设计不合理、操作控制不当、运行周期过长等,极易造成炉管爆管事故。以2005年9月大庆石化分公司炼油厂焦化加热炉爆管故障为例,阐述了焦化加热炉的爆管原因、故障处理及预防措施,认为注水量小、渣油中含催化剂、负荷偏离设计工况、烧焦周期和烧焦速度不当等引起严重结焦是爆管的主要原因。

Failure Analysis and Protection of Tube Burst In Coking Heater

The material burnt in coking heater tube is mixed residual always with easy coked contaminations,in this case if having unreasona- ble design,improper operation control,over- long period operation,it is easy to lead heater tube to be burst.This article sets forth the cause of coking heater tube burst depending on the accident of coking heater tube burst in Daqing Refinery in Sep.2005 and the accident treatment and preventive measure of it.From a- nalysis,it is believed that low water injection, catalyst contained in residue,off designed opera- tion load,inappropriate coke-burning cycle and rate are the cause of coking that leads to tube burst.