基于元胞自动机的交通枢纽内人群疏散效率研究

利用元胞自动机仿真不同出口位置和不同内部布局下交通枢纽内人员的疏散情况,通过制定合适的人员行走规则,对交通枢纽内人员疏散进行仿真分析。结果表明,正面中央开口时人员的疏散效率最高,此时由于人员相对于出口大概呈对称分布,人员对过道的利用率达到最高;和正面边缘开口相比,出口位置设置在侧面更好,以减少行人在行走过程中方向的变化从而减少疏散时间。当在侧面开口时,在靠近出口墙壁处设置过道可以提高人群的疏散效率,并且适当地增加过道数目,可以对疏散人群起到分流的作用,从而对人群的疏散也很有利。

Research of Evacuation Efficiency Within Transportation Hub based on Cellular Automaton

The different evacuation occasions where exits locate in different areas and obstacles distributions with Cellu-lar Automaton in transportation hubs were Simulated by making appropriate transformation rules. The simulation indicat-ed that the evacuation efficiency was the best while the exit was distributed at central in the front, for the reason of the staff being symmetrically distributed relative to the outlet. However, the efficiency is even better when setting the outlet on one side. When the outlet is set on the side,setting aisle near the wall can also improve the efficiency,add-ing appropriate aisles will bypass people and promote evacuation speed.