基于两层优化的主动配电网储能优化配置

针对主动配电网储能系统优化配置问题,考虑运行控制策略对规划方案的影响,提出一种基于两层优化的配置方法。在短时间尺度的内层优化中,利用低通滤波算法提取上网功率高频分量,以高频分量变异系数和可再生能源浪费率最小为目标,基于标量化方法和粒子群算法优化主动配电网控制策略。在长时间尺度的外层优化中,构建多目标优化模型,最小化投资成本和可再生能源浪费率,采用NSGA-Ⅱ算法求取储能系统配置的Pareto最优解。由于运行控制和规划配置间存在相互影响,将不同时间尺度的内外层优化置于统一的框架内,以可再生能源浪费率、储能系统配置位置和容量为耦合变量交替迭代求解。结合算例,对所提模型及其求解方法进行了验证。算例分析表明:主动配电网中储能系统优化配置能够有效提高电网对可再生能源的消纳能力。

Bi-level optimal configuration of energy storage system in an active distribution network

In order to optimize the configuration of energy storage system in an active distribution network, a bi-level optimization method was proposed, considering the impact of operation strategy on planning scheme. In the short-scale inner optimization, the high-frequency components of integration power was extracted by the low-pass filtering algorithm. And a multi-objective optimization model was constructed to minimize the variation coefficient of extracted high-frequency component and the rate of the loss of renewable energy, which was simplified into a scalar optimization problem and solved by the particle swarm optimization algorithm. In the long-scale outer optimization, a multi-objective optimization model was established to minimize the investment cost and the rate of the loss of renewable energy, of which the Pareto optimal solutions were searched by the NSGA-Ⅱ. The location and capacity of energy storage system and the rate of the loss of renewable energy were taken as coupling variables, based on which the inner and outer models with different time scales were solved in a united optimization frame. The case study validated the effectiveness of the proposed model and corresponding solving methods, of which the results indicate that the optimal configuration of energy storage system in an active distribution network could enhance the accommodation ability of renewable energy.