增强型生态浮床填料筛选及工况优化

生态浮床作为一种经济、环保的黑臭水体处理工艺得到广泛应用，但其处理能力受制于植物根系深度及表面积。通过悬浮球、生物绳、弹性和组合填料分别与间种的粉绿狐尾藻（Myriophyllum aquaticum）和西伯利亚鸢尾（Iris sibirica）植物构建生态浮床，探究不同填料对生态浮床效能的强化作用及微生物机制；并在优选填料的基础上进一步探究优选填料的最优添加工况及其强化下浮床对污染物去除的动力学模型。填料优选实验结果显示，生物绳填料对COD、氨氮和总磷的去除率最佳，分别为>99%、43.85%和14.03%；高通量测序分析显示，生物绳填料表面生物膜微生物丰富度最高、物种组成分布最均匀、微生物多样性最高，且生物绳填料可定向富集Flavobacterium、Exiguobacterium、Chryseobacterium、Microbacterium、Caulobacter等脱氮除磷相关功能菌。生物绳工况优化结果显示，修复轻度黑臭水体的最佳生物绳填料投加量为12.5 m/m³，其对COD、氨氮和总磷的去除率分别为96.4%、38.5%和56.6%；动力学模型拟合显示，一级动力学模型能更好地拟合生物绳强化生态浮床的氨氮及COD降解规律。

The filler selection and working condition optimization of enhanced ecological floating bed

Ecological floating beds are widely used as an economical and environmentally friendly technology for the treatment of black smelly water bodies, while their treatment capacity is limited by the plant root area and the depth of plants reaching the water body. In this study, the enhancement effects and microbial mechanism of different fillers on the treatment capacity of ecological floating beds were investigated by constructing ecological floating beds with interspecies of Myriophyllum aquaticum and Iris sibirica plants through suspension balls, biological ropes, elastic and combined fillers respectively. Furthermore, the optimal addition of selected filter and its kinetic model of pollutant removal from the floating bed was investigated. The results showed that the best removal rates of COD, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus were >99%, 43.85% and 14.03%, respectively. The highest microbial abundance, the most uniform species composition distribution and the highest microbial diversity on the surface of the bio-rope filler have been observed, and the bio-rope filler can enrich nitrogen and phosphorus removal functional bacteria such as Flavobacterium, Exiguobacterium, Chryseobacterium, Microbacterium and Caulobacter. 12.5 m/m³ is the best amount of bio-rope filler for the remediation of mild black smelly water bodies, and the corresponding removal rates of COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total phosphorus are respectively 96.4%, 38.5% and 56.6%. The kinetic model fitting revealed that the primary kinetic model could better fit the ammonia nitrogen and COD degradation patterns of bio-rope-enhanced ecological floating bed.