孔子“仁”的伦理思想研究

仁，是中国古代一种含义极广的道德范畴，本指人与人之间相互亲爱。孔子把“仁”作为最高的道德原则、道德标准和道德境界。他第一个把整体的道德规范集于一体，形成了以“仁”为核心的伦理思想结构，它的基本含义包括爱亲、爱人、泛爱众、爱及夷狄，涵盖了忠、孝、义、悌、恕、礼、知、勇、恭、宽、信、敏、惠等内容；主要方法为忠恕、推及、道节。孔子把“仁”作为人们的理想人格追求，而且奠定了“仁”与“礼”相统一的社会伦理模式。

Research on Ethic Thoughts of Confucius" Benevolence

The benevolence was one kind of meaningful morals in China ancient times.Its Original intention shows the loving concern among people.Confucius took "benevolence" as the highest moral principle,the moral standard and the moral boundary.He was the first person to integrate the whole moral standard in a body.And it has formed the ethics thought structure by taking "benevolence" as the core,which included relatives,lovers,most people,minority.And it also covered loyalty,filial piety,righteousness,love and respect one's elder brother and so on.Confucius regarded "benevolence" as people's ideal personality pursuit,moreover he had established the social ethics pattern which made "benevolence" and "rite" unified.