Redox-thermal behavior of archaeological ceramics from the North Caucasus (Russia,Bronze/Iron Age) |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institut für Geologische Wissenschaften, Freie Universität Berlin, Malteserstraße 74-100, 12249, Berlin, Germany;2. Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany;3. Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Im Dol 2-6, Haus II, 14195, Berlin, Germany;1. College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China;2. Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China;3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117574, Singapore;1. CAS Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China;2. College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China;3. Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China;4. State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China;1. School of National Defence Science & Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China;2. Key Subject Laboratory of National Defense for Radioactive Waste and Environmental Security, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, China;1. High Temperature Materials Institute, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China;2. The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China;3. Shanxi Institute of Technology, Yangquan, 045000, China;4. Henan Key Laboratory of High Temperature Functional Ceramics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China;5. College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QF, UK;1. Laboratory of Mineral Processing and Resources Recycling, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628 Japan |
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| Abstract: | The firing behavior of illite-based archaeological ceramics and corresponding firing conditions were investigated, in order to identify the pyrotechnology of ceramic production at archaeological sites in the North Caucasus (Russia, Bronze and Iron Age). Direct observations of the pyrometamorphic degree in the objects by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Raman and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) revealed the thermally induced localization of the redox state within a single object and its influence on the structural distortion, dehydroxylation and total collapse of illite in the ceramics. Fundamental approaches to illite dehydroxylation kinetics and numerical simulations of oxygen diffusion and heat transfer revealed that the firing temperature and time and thickness of the sample, reactivity between oxygen and ceramic pastes and porosity evolution played a decisive role in the firing behavior of the ceramics during the firing at the sites. |
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| Keywords: | Archaeological ceramics North Caucasus Oxidation-reduction Heat transfer Ceramic firing |
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