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Application of the cold sintering process to the electrolyte material BaCe0.8Zr0.1Y0.1O3-δ
Affiliation:1. National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, PR China;2. Department of Ceramics in Petrochemical Engineering & Environmental Protection, Shandong Guiyuan Advanced Ceramic Co., Ltd (Sicer), Zibo, 255035, PR China;1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;2. Research Group, Chosun Refractories Co., Ltd., Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37862, Republic of Korea;1. Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States;2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States;3. TAIYO YUDEN CO., LTD., Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0031, Japan;4. CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université de Toulouse 3 – Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne 31062, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France;5. CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, ICMCB, UMR 5026, 87 Avenue du Dr A. Schweitzer, 33608, Pessac, France;6. Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States;1. Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Materials Synthesis and Processing (IEK-1), Jülich, 52425, Germany;2. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology (UET) Lahore, Grand Trunk (GT) Road, Lahore, 54890, Pakistan;3. Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Institute of Mineral Engineering, Aachen, 52064, Germany;4. Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Institut für Werkstoffe, Universitätsstraße 150, Bochum, 44801, Germany;5. Jülich Aachen Research Alliance, JARA-Energy, Jülich, 52425, Germany
Abstract:This paper describes and discusses the application of the original sintering process named cold sintering to the electrolyte material BaCe0.8Zr0.1Y0.1O3-δ to enhance its densification at a temperature below that needed in a conventional sintering. This new technique enables the acceleration of the densification resulting in a more compacted microstructure with an unexpected high relative density of 83 % at only 180 °C. A subsequent annealing at 1200 °C further enhances the densification which reaches 94 %. The electrochemical performance of CSP sintered ceramics was investigated and optimized by varying different process parameters. The comparison with the conventional sintered material reveals an increase of the total conductivity by mostly increasing the grain boundary one. This result emphasizes the benefits of CSP to not only reduce the sintering temperature but also to enhance the electrochemical properties.
Keywords:Fuel cell  Sintering  Cold sintering  Protonic conductive ceramic  Impedance spectroscopy
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