磷酸铁锂电池及其新能源汽车启动电源性能研究

鉴于汽车启动电源铅酸电池存在严重环境污染隐患，本文采用环保型32650圆柱磷酸铁锂电池组装成25.6 V/65 A•h电池组代替铅酸电池应用于汽车启动电源，并分别对磷酸铁锂电池组的常温和低温启动能力、倍率性能和低温放电性能等进行测试。实验结果表明，电池组0.33 C放电容量为67.028 A•h，3 C放电容量为0.33 C放电容量的98.24%，电池组具有较好的倍率性能；电池组在 −30℃放电容量为额定容量的84.7%，具有良好的低温性能；电池组在25℃和 −20℃下以600 A电流放电，单串电池电压均高于放电保护电压；电池组在25℃搁置28 d之后，容量恢复率为99.37%；磷酸铁锂电池组性能均满足汽车启动电源性能要求，可以代替铅酸电池作为汽车启动电源。

Performance Study on Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery as Starting Power for New Energy Automobile

In view of the serious environmental pollution of lead-acid battery of Starting Power for New Energy Automobile, a 25.6 V/65 A•h lithium iron phosphate battery pack was assembled with 32650 type of cylindrical lithium iron phosphate cell to replace the lead-acid battery for starting power for new energy automobile. The room temperature and low-temperature starting capability, rate capability and low-temperature discharge performance were investigated. The battery pack provided a capacity of 67.03 A•h at 0.33 C and retained 98.24% capacity at 3 C. The battery pack obtained 84.7% of capacity at −30oC. The voltage of every single battery was higher than the discharge protection voltage when the battery pack was discharged at 600 A under 25oC and −20oC, respectively. The battery pack retained 99.37% of capacity after storage at 25oC for 28 days. All these data can meet the requirements of the starting power, indicating that the lithium iron phosphate battery pack can replace the lead-acid battery as starting power for new energy automobile.