面向新型非易失存储的文件系统研究综述

新型非易失存储(NVM)可字节寻址,具有近似内存的低延迟特性以及外存的非易失性,受限于软硬件技术成熟度,目前首先被用于外存.讨论了NVM用于持久性外存所面临的一系列问题,以及管理上的一些挑战;对现有的典型NVM文件系统及其主要特性进行了梳理.归纳起来,这些特性主要围绕降低一致性开销、降低软件栈开销、内存与外存的融合、分布式文件系统、NVM文件系统安全、容错、空间管理几个方面展开.最后,展望了NVM文件系统仍然有待探讨的几个研究方向,包括扩展性问题、虚拟内存与文件系统的有机融合以及分布式文件系统等.

Survey of file systems for emerging non-volatile memory

The emerging non-volatile memory(NVM) is byte-addressable, which has the characteristics of low latency similar to memory and the nonvolatile property of storage. Limited by the maturity of hardware and software technology, NVM was firstly used in storage. This paper discussed a series of problems and management challenges of NVM for storage. Then, it summarized the main features of the existing typical NVM file systems. These features mainly focused on reducing consistency overhead, reducing the software stack cost, the integrated management of memory and storage, distributed file system, NVM file system security, fault tolerance, space management and so on. Finally, this paper prospected several research directions of NVM file system, including scalability, fusion of virtual memory and file system, and distributed file system.