石墨晶体结构与浮选速率的关系研究

石墨晶体结构特征与其浮选速率的关系研究具有重要的意义，针对莫桑比克、湖北宜昌、吉林汪清等10个来源的石墨精矿开展了接触角测试、晶体结构特征分析及浮选速率试验。结果表明：①大鳞片石墨 和致密晶质石墨普遍具有相对较大的接触角，而细鳞片石墨和隐晶质石墨一般接触角相对较小。②各石墨精矿中石墨晶体轴长a0范围为0.246 51~0.248 27 nm，c0范围为0.671 29~0.675 68 nm，晶胞体积V范围为 0.035 33~0.035 99 nm3，石墨化度范围为68.78%~94.57%；大鳞片石墨晶胞体积更小，晶体结构更完整，石墨化度更高，细鳞片石墨及隐晶质石墨晶体结构边缘接入了较多含氧官能团，晶体缺陷更多，石墨化度更低 ；石墨晶体中3R多型含量与其石墨化度成负相关。③石墨精矿浮选速率符合经典一级动力学模型；石墨化度与浮选速率成正相关，石墨化度越高的石墨，其浮选速率越快，精矿固定碳含量越高；大鳞片石墨一般具有 较高的石墨化度，其浮选速率较细鳞片石墨及隐晶质石墨快，因此其精矿固定碳含量较高。

Study on the Relationship Between Graphite Crystal Structure and Flotation Rate

The study on the relationship between graphite crystal structure characteristics and flotation rate is of great significance. The contact angle test， crystal structure characteristics analysis and flotation rate test were carried out for graphite concentrates from Mozambique， Hubei Yichang， Jilin Wangqing and so on. The results showed that: ① Large flaky graphite and dense crystalline graphite generally have relatively large contact angles， while fine flaky graphite and aphanitic graphite generally have relatively small contact angles. ② The axial length a0 and c0 of graphite crystal in various graphite concentrates ranges from 0.246 51 to 0.248 27 nm and 0.671 29 to 0.675 68 nm respectively. The cell volume V ranges from 0.035 33 to 0.035 99 nm3， and the graphitization degree ranges from 68.78% to 94.57%. The large flaky graphite is with smaller cell volum， more complete crystal structure and higher graphitization degree. While the edge of the fine flaky graphite and aphanitic graphite crystal structure is connected with more oxygen-containing functional groups， and showed more crystal defects and lower graphitization degree. There is a negative correlation between content of 3R-polytypic and graphitization degree in graphite crystals. ③ The flotation rate of graphite concentrate accords with the classical first-order kinetic model. The graphitization degree is positively correlated with the flotation rate. The higher the graphitization degree is， the faster the flotation rate is and the higher the fixed carbon content of the concentrate is. Large flaky graphite generally has a higher degree of graphitization， and its flotation rate is faster than fine flaky graphite and aphanitic graphite， so its concentrate has a higher fixed carbon contents.