含二氮杂萘酮联苯结构高性能工程塑料研究进展

介绍了含二氮杂萘酮联苯结构聚芳醚砜酮、聚芳醚腈砜酮以及同时还含芳基均三嗪环结构聚芳醚三大系列新型高性能工程塑料的合成与性能及其在高性能树脂基复合材料、绝缘漆、漆包线、功能涂料以及耐高温功能膜等领域的研究进展。从分子结构设计出发,研制成功具有扭曲、非平面结构特点的含二氮杂萘酮联苯结构新型单体,进而与双卤单体经亲核取代逐步聚合反应合成了多系列含二氮杂萘酮联苯结构新型聚芳醚类高性能工程塑料,既耐高温又可溶解,解决了传统高性能工程塑料不能兼具耐高温可溶解的技术难题。其玻璃化转变温度达250～375℃,5%热失重起始温度均高于500℃;可溶解于N-甲基吡咯烷酮、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺以及氯仿等几种有机溶剂;综合性能优异,尤其是在高温下依然保持优异的综合性能;可多种方式加工,不仅可采用模压、挤出、注射等热成型加工,还可采用溶液方式加工应用;广泛应用于航空航天、核能、电子电气等高技术领域和国民经济众多行业部门。

Progress on High Performance Engineering Plastics Containing Phthalazinone Moieties and Their Applications

Herein,we reported the synthesis and properties of poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone),poly(phthalazi ether nitrile sulfone ketone) and poly(phthalazinone ether phenyl-s-triazine),and their typical applications in polymer matrix composites,insulation varnish,insulation enameled wire,functional coating and functional membrane.Starting from the molecular structure design,a novel monomer,4-(4-hydroxyl phenyl)-2,3-phthalazin-1-one(DHPZ),having unsymmetrical nature,twisted and noncoplanar conformation,has been designed and synthesized.This monomer behaves like bisphenol and can react with activated dihalo compounds to produce high molecular weight phthalazinone-containing poly(aryl ether)s through classical nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions.These polymers containing phthalazinone moieties as a new important family of high-performance polymers possess an outstanding balance of mechanical properties and processability along with excellent thermooxidative stability and reasonable solubility in several organic solvents,such as N-methyl pyrrolidione(NMP),N,N-dimethyl acetamide(DMAc) and chloroform.Their glass transition temperatures are in the range of 250 to 375 ℃,detected by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and their temperatures of 5% weight loss under nitrogen are higher than 500 ℃,measured by thermogravimetric analyses(TG),in the result that they have outstanding comprehensive properties,especially at high using temperature,such as at higher than 220 ℃.They can be processed not only by compression molding,injection and extrusion but also in solution.Therefore they can be strong candidates as high-performance matrix for fiber-reinforced composites,structural adhesives,separation membrane,functional coating and insulating materials.Thus they have found many applications often in harsh environments,for instance,in aerospace,electronics,petroleum,and nuclear industries.