黄精多糖的提取工艺对比研究

目的以黄精为原料,对比不同提取工艺对黄精多糖提取率的影响,以确定黄精多糖的最佳提取工艺。方法对黄精多糖的水提醇沉法和复合酶解法等2种提取方法进行对比分析。结果得到了水提醇沉法最佳的实验条件,料液比(g/mL)为1∶25,pH值为6,温度为80℃,提取时间为2 h,乙醇的体积分数为70%,在该最佳条件下多糖的提取率为8.84%;得到了复合酶解法提取黄精多糖最佳复合酶组合条件,纤维素酶与木瓜蛋白酶的质量比为3∶7,pH值为5.0,酶解温度为50℃,料液比(g/mL)为1∶20,加酶量(质量分数)为5%,酶解2 h,在该条件下,黄精多糖的提取率可达22%。结论采用复合酶解法得到的多糖得率远高于采用水提醇沉法得到的多糖得率;实验提供了黄精多糖的最优提取工艺,为其开发利用提供了理论参考。

Comparative Study on Extraction Technologies of Polysaccharides from Rhizoma Polygonatum

The work aims to determine the best extraction technology of Polygonatum Polysaccharide by comparing the effects of different extraction technologies on the extraction rate of Polygonatum Polysaccharide. Water extraction and alcohol precipitation method and complex enzyme digestion method used to extract Polygonatum Polysaccharide were compared and analyzed. The optimal conditions of water extraction and alcohol precipitation were as follows: solid-liquid ratio of 1∶25(g/mL), pH=6, temperature of 80 ℃, extraction time of 2 h and alcohol content of 70%, and the extraction rate of polysaccharide was 8.84% under the optimal conditions. The optimum combination of complex enzyme was cellulase: papain=3∶7, pH =5.0, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature of 50 ℃, solid-liquid ratio of 1∶20, content of enzyme of 5% and enzymolysis time of 2 h. Under the above conditions, the extraction rate of polysaccharide could reach 22%. The yield of polysaccharides by complex enzyme hydrolysis is much higher than that by ordinary water extraction and alcohol precipitation method. The experiment provides the optimal extraction technology of Polygonatum Polysaccharide and lays a rigorous theoretical foundation for the subsequent development of polysaccharides.