分离卸荷式板桩码头的工作机理

分离卸荷式板桩码头是中国自主开发的一种新型码头结构型式。与传统的卸荷式板桩码头结构不同,分离卸荷式板桩码头采用卸荷承台与前墙分离设置,避免了因码头水平位移较大或产生不均匀沉降时,承台下的基桩会发生桩头混凝土开裂,影响其耐久性。对于这种新型的码头结构,如何正确地认识分离式卸荷承台的卸荷作用,掌握前墙上的土压力作用规律,是码头结构设计的基础。通过有限元数值分析,探讨了分离卸荷式板桩码头结构的受力与变形规律,以及卸荷承台的卸荷机理与码头结构上的土压力分布规律。通过与单锚板桩码头结构的比较,验证了分离卸荷式板桩码头结构对于板桩码头深水化的作用。

Mechanism of sheet-pile wharf with separated relief platform

The sheet-pile wharf with separated relief platform is a novel wharf structure designed and developed in China. Different from the traditional sheet-pile wharf with relief platform, the sheet-pile wharf with separated relief platform adopts a separated form of the relief platform and the front wall so as to avoid concrete cracks at head of piles under the platform induced by large horizontal displacement or differential settlement of the wharf and to avoid impact on its durability. With regard to this novel wharf structure, how to correctly understand the relief action of the separated relief platform and to grasp the rules of earth pressures acting on the front wall is the basis for the design of the wharf structure. The stress and deformation rules of the sheet-pile wharf with separated relief platform, the relief mechanism of the relief platform as well as the distribution of the earth pressures on the wharf structure are studied through numerical simulations of FEM. By comparing with the sheet-pile wharf with single anchorage, the deep-water sheet-pile wharf with separated relief platform is validated.