BF3/醇催化1-癸烯聚合产物结构表征及表观动力学研究

聚α-烯烃(PAO)合成油是理想的高档润滑油基础油，其中低粘度PAO具有巨大的市场潜力。本文采用BF3/丁醇催化体系催化1-癸烯聚合合成PAO，通过GC-MS、1H-NMR和13C-NMR对PAO的组成和结构进行了表征，证明聚合产物PAO以二聚体、三聚体及四聚体为主，各组分含有较多支链，分子中存在3种键接结构，主要是头-尾键接的1,2插入，也存在尾-尾键接2,1插入和含甲基的键接结构。聚合反应的研究结果表明，在低转化率条件下，反应速率与反应温度、催化剂浓度和1-癸烯浓度有关。在此基础上，通过计算和拟合，建立了1-癸烯合成PAO反应的表观动力学方程。

Characterization of polymerization of 1-decene and apparent kinetics catalyzed by boron trifluoride/alcohol system

Poly-α-olefin (PAO) synthetic oil is the base oil of high-quality lubricants, and has a huge market potential. We illustrate PAO synthesis by catalytic polymerization of 1-decene with a boron trifluoride (BF3)/alcohol system. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, proton nuclear magnetic resonance and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance analysis confirmed dimer, trimer and tetramer structures of PAO. Each component contained branched chains with a 1,2 insertion of a head-to-tail link; a 2,1 insertion of a tail-to-tail link and a methyl-containing linked structure. At a low conversion rate, the reaction rate was related directly with the reaction temperature and the catalyst/1-decene concentration. An apparent kinetic equation for PAO formation was determined during 1-decene polymerization.