激光雷达距离像背景抑制算法研究

相干激光成像雷达距离像处理的一个重要内容就是进行背景抑制。利用原始强度像的均值信息进行距离像的背景抑制因为强度像受到噪声影响而效果不佳，改进算法加入了强度像的噪声滤除，大大提高了背景抑制能力。但是这种利用强度像均值的背景抑制算法要求目标区占有较大的面积，对于小目标图像其抑制效果变差。分析了强度像的直方图特征，提出了一种熵阈值分割抑制距离像背景算法，此算法将强度像的直方图划分为描述目标区像素和背景像素的两个概率分布．而将使这些概率分布熵最大的灰度值作为分割阈值。将此算法应用于实际图像处理，结果表明对于大目标图像和小目标图像都有较好的抑制效果。

Suppressed Algorithm of Lidar''''s Range Image Background

One of the most important contents about coherent imaging laser radar range image processing is suppressing the background. If using the primitive meaning information of the intensity image to suppress the background of range image, the effect would not be good due to the influence of noise. The improved algorithm adds noise filter about the intensity image, which greatly improved the background suppression capacity. Also the previous algorithm claims the object to have relatively larger area, which means a worse effect to small object images. The article analyzes the histogram characteristics of the intensity image, brings forward an algorithm of thresholding segmentation suppression range image background using the entropy of the histogram, which divides the intensity′s histogram into two probability distributions: object region pixels and background pixels and regards the maximum value of probabilistic distribution entropy as the threshold of the segmentation. Using this method in the actual image processing, the result reveals that it has good suppressing effect on both small objects and large ones.