Nitric Oxide Releasing Coronary Stent: A New Approach Using Layer‐by‐Layer Coating and Liposomal Encapsulation |
| |
Authors: | Mahmoud A Elnaggar Seong Ho Seo Samy Gobaa Kyung Seob Lim In‐Ho Bae Myung Ho Jeong Dong Keun Han Yoon Ki Joung |
| |
Affiliation: | 1. Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea;3. College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea;4. The Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea |
| |
Abstract: | The sustained or controlled release of nitric oxide (NO) can be the most promising approach for the suppression or prevention of restenosis and thrombosis caused by stent implantation. The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility in the potential use of layer‐by‐layer (LBL) coating with a NO donor‐containing liposomes to control the release rate of NO from a metallic stent. Microscopic observation and surface characterizations of LBL‐modified stents demonstrate successful LBL coating with liposomes on a stent. Release profiles of NO show that the release rate is sustained up to 5 d. In vitro cell study demonstrates that NO release significantly enhances endothelial cell proliferation, whereas it markedly inhibits smooth muscle cell proliferation. Finally, in vivo study conducted with a porcine coronary injury model proves the therapeutic efficacy of the NO‐releasing stents coated by liposomal LBL technique, supported by improved results in luminal healing, inflammation, and neointimal thickening except thrombo‐resistant effect. As a result, all these results demonstrate that highly optimized release rate and therapeutic dose of NO can be achieved by LBL coating and liposomal encapsulation, followed by significantly efficacious outcome in vivo. |
| |
Keywords: | layer‐by‐layer liposomes nitric oxide restenosis stents |
|
|