高校学业考试作弊现象的社会学探析

从学生、学校、社会以及文化传统四个层面探微，认为高校学业考试作弊是学校场域中处于弱势地位的学生以追求分数为表象，以追逐位置和争夺资本为目的的主动“求生”策略，他们用异常的方式表达了对教育教学公平的渴望。而唯分数论的教育评价体系及僵化的考试形式对学生“超越”和偏离学校规章制度负有责任，反映了高校在教育理念、教学质量观、人才观、学生观等方面的迷失。当然，学历社会、考试社会中考试功能的畸变以及文化传统中重视考试的教育价值取向也隐含了高校教育逐渐由知识到标签的异化之路。对其防治乃是一个系统性的工程和长期性的过程。

An analysis of Cheating in College Examination from Sociology Perspective

This paper analyzes the phenomenon of cheating in college examination from the aspects of students, colleges, society and traditional culture. It puts forward that cheating in college examination is a kind of survival strategy of college students who are weak in the school field to struggle for position and more resources. They express their desire for education equity in an unusual way. The score oriented eval- uation system and the rigid examination types should be responsible for students disobeying the school rules. It reflects the lost of university in education idea, and in the concepts of teaching quality, talent, and student. Of course, the distortion of examination functions in the examination--orientated society and the educational value orientation which overemphasizes examinations in cultural traditions implies the alienated road from knowledge to label in higher education. The prevention of cheating in examinations is a systematic engineer and a long--term process.