黄河三门峡以下流域水资源调配研究

黄河三门峡以下河段水资源供需紧张、断流频繁。本文针对此问题，采用月径流量延时曲线和超越机率曲线、系统仿真方法研究黄河三门峡以下流域在不同来流条件下水资源的供需情势，研究结果表明：(1)小浪底水库的兴建，大大改善了三门峡以下水资源的供需状况，但在来水较枯的年份，水资源供给仍然紧张；(2)在枯水年份，三门峡以下即使再增加水库或加大库容，也不能缓解水资源的供需紧张状况，要解决缺水状况主要依靠上游水库调节水量或采取节约用水的措施。

Allocation of water resources in lower reaches of Yellow River

The duration curves of monthly runoff, exceedance probability of monthly runoff and simulation of the operation of reservoir systems are applied to analyze the situation of water demand and supply during different hydrologic conditions in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. The result shows that the reasonable operation of the Sanmenxia Reservoir remarkably alleviates the contradiction between the water demand and water supply, but the problem of water shortage still exist during dry years, in spite of the increasing of the reservoir storage or the establishment of a new reservoir. The regulation of income water by reservoirs in the upstream reaches and water saving are the major measures for solving the problem of water shortage.