失活加氢裂化催化剂的研究

采用XRD、ESCA、FT-IR、TEM等技术对两种同类型工业运转失活的加氢裂化催化剂进行了表征。结果表明，碱性氮化物和积炭主要沉积在加氢裂化催化剂的L酸中心上，在B酸中心上积炭较少；引起催化剂失活的主要原因是积炭和有机硫、氮化合物覆盖催化剂的活性中心；导致再生催化剂比表面及酸性降低的主要原因是分子筛骨架坍塌。催化剂经长期使用后，活性金属发生聚集，晶粒长大，边角位活性中心数减少。

Study on deactivated commercial hydrocracking catalysts

Two kinds of spent commercial hydrocracking catalysts were characterized using XRD，ESCA，FT-IR and TEM techniques. It was found that basic organic compounds and coke mainly deposit on the L acid sites rather than B acid sites of the hydrocracking catalyst. Coke formation and S-, and N-compounds are main causes for loss of activity and collapse of USY framework is main causes for loss of surface area and acidity. Comparison was made among fresh, spent and regenerated catalysts. Aggregation of active metals, growth of particle size and declining active site amount in the edge were observed for catalyst that has been in service for long time.