Principles of the design of variatropic heat-insulating structural refractories

The time has come to begin designing the structures of heat-insulating refractories with regard for the service conditions they encounter in high-temperature equipment. It is proposed that a change be made from homogeneous refractories to variatropic refractories. Homogeneous refractories are converted to the variatropic state by internally redistributing their properties without changing the dimensions, weight, or average composition of the material. The conversion has three effects: a technological effect and effects related to the design and use of the new refractory.