PDMS低温热解制备有机/无机膜的研究

以聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)为前驱体聚合物, 采用浸渍法在支撑体上涂覆制备PDMS支撑膜, 将其在惰性气氛下350~480℃低温热解, 制备有机/无机膜。考察了制膜工艺条件对膜气体分离性能的影响; 并借助于TG和FT-IR测试手段探讨了PDMS 的热解过程及化学结构的变化; 采用SEM对有机/无机膜的微观形貌进行表征。研究表明, 采用低温热解法可以成功制备出气体分离性能良好的有机/无机膜。该膜既保留了有机膜的柔韧性, 又具有无机膜的热稳定性好的优点, 并表现出良好的气体渗透性能和选择性。PDMS制膜液的浓度、浸渍次数、复合膜的热解温度及基体孔径和性质等因素对有机/无机膜的气体分离性能以及膜层结构有较大的影响。在最佳工艺条件下制备的有机/无机膜其O₂渗透通量为21.2 GPU(1 GPU=7.501×10^-12 m³(STP)/(m²?s?Pa)), O₂/N₂分离系数为2.28。

Preparation of Organic/Inorganic Membrane by PDMS Low-temperature Pyrolysis

The organic/inorganic membranes were prepared via low-temperature pyrolysis of polymers. Firstly, polymeric membranes were prepared by dip-coating method using PDMS as the precursor and stainless steel as the support. Then they were pyrolyzed at 350–480℃ under inert atmosphere. The effects of preparation conditions on the gas separation performance of the organic/inorganic membranes were investigated. Chemical structure changes of PDMS in the pyrolysis process were studied by TG and FT-IR. The morphology of organic/inorganic membrane was characterized by SEM. The results showed that the organic/inorganic membranes with good gas separation performance could be successfully prepared by low-temperature pyrolysis of PDMS. The membrane retains part flexibility of PDMS, and presents good thermostability and high gas permselectivity. The gas separation performance and membrane layer structure of organic/inorganic membranes are greatly affected by the preparation conditions such as the PDMS concentration, coating times, pyrolysis temperature and properties of support. The gas separation performances prepared under the optimum condition are that the O₂ permeation flux of 21.2 GPU(1 GPU=7.501×10^-12m³(STP)/(m²?s?Pa)) and O₂/N₂ selectivity of 2.28.