Baud-spaced constant modulus blind equalization via hybrid genetic algorithm and generalized pattern search optimization

The present paper deals with the formulation of the baud-spaced constant modulus blind equalization in the presence of Gaussian noise as an unconstrained optimization problem via the use of genetic algorithm and generalized pattern search (GPS) algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed approach is more robust to the adopted initialization strategy and much more likely to outperform the classical constant modulus algorithm in terms of minimum-squared error, intersymbol interference and error vector magnitude quantities.