吸附理论与吸附分离技术的进展

各种固体界面上发生的吸附现象引起了广泛的关注,基于吸附的分离过程在工业和环保等领域发挥着重要的作用。近年来,涉及吸附现象的许多技术创新领域在不断扩展,改进现有的吸附剂,研发新型吸附剂及新用途;而研究的重点在缩小理论与实际应用的不协调,使吸附由技艺走向科学,由物理、化学、工程等多学科的交叉而形成的界面科学迅速成熟。概述了吸附和吸附分离过程的基础,围绕上述方面体现吸附理论的研究进展和吸附实际应用之间的关系,用实例介绍在吸附与吸附分离过程方面的研究与实践。

Advances in adsorption principles and adsorption processes

Adsorption at various interfaces has concerned scientists since this phenomenon underlies a number of extremely important processes of practical significances in industry and environmental protection.Many areas in which technological innovation has covered adsorption phenomena have been expanded more through art and craft than through science.New classes of solid adsorbents and the improvements of the existing ones have been developed and have gained extreme interest due to their sorption properties.In recent years considerable effort has been increasingly directed toward closing the gap between theory and practice.This field of surface science is now generally considered to have become a well-defined branch of physical science representing an interdisciplinary area between chemistry,physics,biology and engineering.This review presents in brief the basics of adsorption and adsorption separation processes,highlights the progress under the consideration.The relationship between development of adsorption theory and adsorption practice is pointed out.Our understanding and practices pertaining to adsorption and its separation processes on laboratory and on industrial scale are discussed and illustrated by means of a few examples.