微波辅助废旧锂电池正极材料有价金属回收技术进展

在国际前沿和国家战略性关键金属保护的大背景下, 废旧锂电池正极材料中的高价值材料如镍、钴、锰和锂等的回收利用已成为当前的研究热点。论文概述了锂电池正极废弃物有价金属回收工艺, 介绍了微波技术的原理及在冶金过程中的应用, 重点讨论了微波辅助火法—湿法联合工艺在焙烧还原过程、浸出过程、萃取过程的发展态势, 微波的参与节约了碳热还原时间、提高了金属离子的浸出率以及加快萃取过程的传质速率, 最终实现目标金属的产率和品质的提高。最后, 对未来废旧锂电池回收市场的发展前景进行了展望。

Progress in Microwave-assisted Recovery of Valuable Metals from Spent Lithium Battery Cathode Materials

Recycling of high-value materials such as Ni, Co, Mn, and Li from used lithium battery cathode materials has become a current research hotspot, resulting from the requirements on the protection of the national strategic key metal and the development of the international frontier. This paper summarized the valuable metals recovery process for waste lithium battery positive electrode, and introduced the principle and application of microwave technology in the metallurgical process. The applications of microwave-assisted heat and humidity combined process in the roasting reduction process, leaching process, and extraction process were studied emphatically. With the involvement of microwave energy, the carbon thermal reduction time was saved, the leaching rate of metal ions was increased and the mass transfer rate of the extraction process was accelerated, ultimately achieving an increase in yield and quality of the target metal. Finally, we prospected the development prospect of waste lithium battery recovery market in the future.