高速铁路小半径曲线钢轨磨耗影响因素分析

随着高速铁路运营里程的增大和运量的激增，钢轨磨耗成为不容小觑的问题，尤其在小半径曲线段钢轨磨耗更为复杂和严重。针对高速铁路小半径曲线段钢轨磨耗问题，利用SIMPACK多体动力学软件建立高速动车组车辆动力学模型，利用Archard磨耗模型计算钢轨磨耗深度，并分析不同运营工况、车轮磨耗状态及车辆一系悬挂参数和轨道参数对动车组车辆通过小半径曲线时钢轨磨耗的影响。仿真结果表明：动车组车辆以匀速、制动、牵引3种工况下通过曲线段时，制动工况下钢轨磨耗量最大，牵引工况下磨耗最小；车轮踏面磨耗加剧也会导致钢轨的磨耗量增大，而定期镟修车轮踏面可以减轻钢轨磨耗情况；车辆一系悬挂参数的变化对小半径曲线段钢轨磨耗的影响相对较小；为减小钢轨磨耗，宜采用较小的轨底坡和适当增加轨距，且曲线段超高设置不宜过大。

Rail Wear in Small Radius Curved Track of High-speed Railway under Different Influence Factors

With the increase of high-speed railway operating mileage and traffic volume,rail wear has become a serious problem,especially in the small radius curve sections where rail wear is more complex and severe.Aimed at the rail wear problem of a high-speed railway with a small radius curved track,the dynamics model of the vehicle-track was established in SIMPACK software,and the Archard wear model was used to calculate the rail wear depth.The influence of different operating conditions,wheel wear,vehicle suspension parameters and track parameters on rail wear of high-speed EMUs passing small radius curved tracks were analyzed.The results of simulation analysis show that when the vehicle passes through the curved track with three operating conditions,uniform speed,braking and traction,the rail wear is the maximum under braking conditions and the minimum under traction conditions.The increase of wheel tread wear will also lead to an increase of rail wear,so regular wheel re-profiling can reduce rail wear.The influence of suspension parameters on rail wear of small radius curved track is relatively small.To reduce rail wear,a smaller rail cant and a proper increase in track gauge can be used,and the superelevation setting of curved sections should not be too large.