无皂微乳液聚合制备加脂型复鞣剂

采用甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸丁酯、二乙烯基苯、丙烯酸、反应型乳化剂马来酸酐十二醇单酯钾盐和助乳化剂正戊醇制备得到无皂微乳液。通过正交实验优化出了反应型乳化剂的最佳合成条件:n(马来酸酐):n(十二醇)=1.15:1,反应温度80℃,反应时间3 h,制备出反应型乳化剂———马来酸酐十二醇单酯钾盐,代替外乳化剂十二烷基硫酸钠,进行无皂微乳液聚合制备具有增强作用的加脂型复鞣剂。将制得的加脂型复鞣剂用于猪二层革的复鞣实验,结果表明,反应型乳化剂与混合单体(丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯和二乙烯基苯)的质量分别为120 g和180 g,活性单体丙烯酸质量为10 g时对皮革的复鞣效果最好。成革的物理机械性能得到了提高,其横向撕裂强度提高58.8%,纵向撕裂强度提高37.4%,崩破强度提高54.1%。

Fatliquoring-retanning Agent Prepared by Soap-free Microemulsion Copolymerization

The soap-free copolymer microemulsion solutions of methyl methacrylate(MAA),n-butyl acrylate(BA),divinylbenzene and acrylic acid(AA) were prepared by employing potassium salt of maleic anhydride lauryl alcohol monoester as reactive emulsifier,n-amyl alcohol(PA) as co-surfactant and ammonium persulfate(ASP) as free-radical initiator.The synthesis conditions of reactive emulsifier-potassium salt of maleic anhydride lauryl alcohol monoester were optimized via orthogonal test and the optimum conditions were that n(MAH)∶ n(LA)=1.15∶ 1,temperature 80 ℃,reaction time 3 h.Using reactive emulsifier as a substitute for conventional emulsifier,the fatliquoring-retanning agent with a reinforcing effect was synthesized by microemulsion copolymerization.The experimental product was used in retanning chrome tanned pigskin splits.The effect of the product was observed by measuring the tensile strength,tearing strength and bursting strength of leather.The results show that,when the reactive emulsifier and monomer mixture(n-butyl acrylate(BA),methyl methacrylate(MAA) and divinylbenzene) was 120 g and 180 g,respectively,and the active monomer acrylic acid was 10 g,the retanning effect was best.In addition,the mechanical property of the leather was highly improved;the horizontal tear strength was improved by 58.8% while the longitudinal tear strength was improved by 37.4%,and the burst strength was improved by 54.1%.