Quantification of illuminant metamerism for four coloration systems via metameric mismatch gamuts

Illuminant metamerism was evaluated by generating achromatic metamers for an acrylic-enamel coating, an acrylobutadiene styrene polymer, a polyester textile, and a nylon textile using computer colorant formulation techniques. The tristimulus matching algorithm used to generate the metamers was based on Kubelka-Munk turbid media theory. By definition, each set of metamers that were formulated to match under CIE illuminant D₆₅ for the 1964 CIE standard observer would mismatch under a test illuminant, forming a gamut of colorimetric coordinates. These metameric mismatch gamuts were evaluated quantitatively using multivariate statistics. Illuminants A, F2, and F11, representing incandescent, cool-white fluorescent, and narrow-band fluorescent, respectively, were used as test illuminants. Illuminant similarities, coloration system similarities, tristimulus variability, and reference illuminant selection criteria were evaluated.