铁路桥梁支座耐磨材料的性能研究与优选应用

采用模压法制备了超高相对分子质量聚乙烯(PE-UHMW)复合材料和聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)2种桥梁支座高分子耐磨材料，对其力学性能、耐热性能、抗重载性能和耐磨性能进行了对比研究。结果表明，PE-UHMW复合材料的缺口冲击强度、拉伸强度、弯曲强度、压缩强度均明显高于PTFE材料；其导热系数为0.58 W/(m· K)，是PTFE材料的223.1 %；在90 MPa和190 MPa压应力下24 h后，PE-UHMW复合材料的蠕变率分别为PTFE材料的47.1 %和81.4 %，PE-UHMW复合材料变形较小；2种材料经50 km磨耗测试后， PE-UHMW复合材料的线磨耗率仅为PTFE材料的7.4 %，耐磨性能远优于PTFE材料。

Property Research and Selection of Wear-resistant Materials for Railway Bridge Bearings

Two railway bridge bearing composites based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (PE-UHMW) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) were prepared and their mechanical properties, heat-resistance, heavy load-bearing capacity, and wear-resistance were compared. It was found that the notched impact strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, and compressive strength of PE-UHMW composites were better than those of PTFE counterpart. The thermal conductivity of PE-UHMW composites was 0.58 W/(m·K), which was 223.1 % of that based on PTFE. The creep rates of PE-UHMW composites under a pressure of 90 and 190 MPa for 24 hours were 47.1 % and 81.4 % of those based on PTFE, respectively. Found in an abrasion test of 50 km, the line wear rate of PE-UHMW composites was only 7.4 % of that based on PTFE.