On the enhanced antibacterial activity of plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coatings that incorporate particles: A review |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Environmental Science and Engineering Program, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA;2. Department of Materials Engineering, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 65178-38695, Iran;1. Department of Materials Engineering, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 65178-38695, Iran;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, Canada;1. Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Belgium;2. Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium;3. Centre for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium;4. Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Belgium;5. Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium;6. Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium;7. Soete Laboratory, Department of Electrical Energy, Metals, Mechanical Construction and Systems (EEMMeCS), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium;8. Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Belgium;1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 425-791, South Korea;2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, South Korea |
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| Abstract: | Biomaterials are substances of artificial or natural origin that are used to improve, treat, heal or replace the tissue or bone of a human or animal body. Due to the ever-increasing progress and the widespread use of biomaterials for various biomedical purposes, different methods are used to modify their surface characteristics. One of the problems facing biomaterials such as implants, prostheses, and stents is the presence of various bacteria that can cause adverse side effects such as infection, swelling, and tenderness. This raises the issue of their resistance to bacterial infection, a subject that needs to be thoroughly investigated. So far, a variety of methods have been developed to treat or coat biomaterials and make them resistant to bacterial infections. One of the most promising approaches is the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process. This process is not only successful in the formation of porous, hard, corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant, and biocompatible coatings but also can be easily manipulated to introduce antibacterial agents to the coatings structure. The addition of nano- or micro-sized particles in the electrolytes has been proven to not only modify the composition and structure of the PEO coatings, but also bring about a strong antibacterial activity. In light of recent advances in this field, the following review aims at discussing different aspects of particles addition in PEO electrolytes when the antibacterial activity is the main concern. |
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| Keywords: | Biomaterials Antibacterial Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) Particle |
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