Improving situation awareness in crisis response teams: An experimental analysis of enriched information and centralized coordination |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Multi-Actor Systems, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands;2. Fire Department of the City of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium;3. Centre for Integrated Emergency Management, Department for ICT, University of Agder, Norway;1. School of Computer Science, Mixed Reality Lab, The University of Nottingham, Jubilee Campus, Nottingham NG8 1BB, UK;2. Product Design and Manufacturing, Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of Nottingham, Ningbo, China;3. Human Factors Research Group, Innovative Technology Research Centre, Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;4. Institute of Educational Technology, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK;1. Capgemini Consulting, Reykjavikplein 1, 3543 KA Utrecht, The Netherlands;2. Academy for Digital Entertainment, NHTV Breda, University of Applied Sciences, mgr Hopmanstraat 1, 4817 JT Breda, The Netherlands;3. Multi Actor System Department, Delft University of Technology, Jaffalaan 5, 2628 BX Delft, The Netherlands;1. Central Queensland University, Appleton Institute, 44 Greenhill Road, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia;2. University of Tasmania, Maritime Way, Newnham, Tasmania, Australia;3. University of Tasmania, Private Bag 66, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia;4. Bushfire CRC, Australia;1. Department of Ergonomics, Occupational health and safety research center, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran;2. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Ergonomics, School of public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran;3. Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran;4. Department of Occupational Hygiene, School of Public Health and Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran;5. Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, Occupational Health and Safety Research Center, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran |
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| Abstract: | In responding to an emergency, the actions of emergency response teams critically depend upon the situation awareness the team members have acquired. Situation awareness, and the design of systems to support it, has been a focus in recent emergency management research. In this paper, we introduce two interventions to the core processes of information processing and information sharing in emergency response teams to analyze their effect on the teams’ situation awareness: (1) we enrich raw incoming information by adding a summary of the information received, and (2) we channel all incoming information to a central coordinator who then decides upon further distribution within the team. The effect of both interventions is investigated through a controlled experiment with experienced professional responders. Our results show distinctly different effects for information enrichment and centralization, both for the teams and for the coordinators within the team. While the interaction effects of both conditions cannot be discerned, it is apparent that processing non-enriched information and non-centralized information sharing leads to a worse overall team situation awareness. Our work suggests several implications for the design of emergency response management information systems. |
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| Keywords: | Fast-burning crisis Crisis response Information sharing Situation awareness Coordination |
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