一种新型阻尼器的开发与研究

桥梁横向振幅超限一直是困扰铁路桥梁的一个重要问题。在全国铁路全面提速的大环境下,这个问题益发突出,列车速度的提高势必造成更大的桥梁横向位移,进而给行车安全造成不利的影响。传统的桥梁横向振动控制方法主要是通过改变桥梁自身刚度,达到减小桥梁振动响应的目的,但成本较高,经济性较差。耗能减振思想的提出为桥梁横向振动控制提供了一种新的思路,即用阻尼器加固桥梁。阻尼器的安装能够将输入桥梁的能量转化为阻尼器的滞回能,通过阻尼器的往复加卸载循环,先于结构消耗部分输入能量。这种方法的优势在于经济节省,易于更换,但目前国内尚缺乏该类型阻尼器产品及相关的应用研究。本文对铅橡胶阻尼器的结构及力学性能进行了阐述,提出该型式阻尼器能够适用于铁路横向小位移振动条件下的能量消耗。

Development and Study About A New Type of Damper

It is always a troubling problem that railway bridges go beyond their lateral vibration limits.This problem appears even more significant in the case of national railway network speed lift because the raising speed of train increases the effect of lateral vibration which will lead to serious potential danger,derailment,for example.The generally traditional vibration control methods is concentrate on the enhancement of lateral stiffness of bridge to reduce the structural vibration response of bridges,which need considerable investment.The thoughts of energy dissipation indicates an alternative way of vibration control-reducing the lateral displacement by installing damping device.Damping device which connected properly to the bridge can dissipate the energy input before the deformation of the structure and reduces the response of structure itself.This method is economical and easy to replace damping devices though there is no much research in this field.The new typle of damper is developed in this paper.