新疆4种典型木本油料油脂脂肪酸和甘三酯组成分析

以新疆4种典型的木本油料沙漠果、碧根果、甜杏仁和巴旦木为原料,测定了4种木本油料种仁的粗脂肪含量、水分及挥发物含量,以及4种油脂的脂肪酸和甘三酯组成。结果表明:4种油料种仁的水分及挥发物含量较低,粗脂肪含量较高,为40. 67%～69. 29%;巴旦木油、碧根果油和甜杏仁油不饱和脂肪酸含量均在90%以上,沙漠果油的不饱和脂肪酸含量为73. 85%; 4种油脂的脂肪酸均以油酸为主(48. 04%～80. 16%);巴旦木油、碧根果油和甜杏仁油以三不饱和脂肪酸甘油酯为主,含量为69. 88%～75. 50%,沙漠果油以二不饱和脂肪酸甘油酯为主,含量为48. 50%; 4种油脂甘三酯均以OOO最多,碳原子当量中均以ECN48最高。

Fatty acid and triglyceride compositions of four typical woody oils in Xinjiang

The crude fat contents, water and volatile matter contents of four typical woody oilseeds (Brazil nut, pecans, sweet almond and almond), fatty acid and triglyceride compositions of the four oils were determined. The results showed that the water and volatile matter contents of four oilseed kernel were low, while the crude fat contents were high, ranging from 40.67% to 69.29%. The unsaturated fatty acid contents of pecans oil, sweet almond oil and almond oil were above 90%, while it was 73.85% for Brazil nut oil. The main fatty acids of the four oils were oleic acid(48.04%-80.16%). The triglyceride compositions of pecans oil, sweet almond oil and almond oil were mainly triunsaturated glycerides, and their content ranges were 69.88%-75.50%, while Brazil nut oil was mainly diunsaturated glycerides, and the content was 48.50%. The OOO was the highest in triglyceride compositions of the four different woody oils, and the highest were ECN48 in carbon atom equivalents.