虚拟车内噪声响度场分布的声源识别分析与优化

针对传统声压级对车内噪声主观性考虑不足的缺陷，提出符合人双耳特性的虚拟车内噪声特征响度预测及声源识别方法。根据某重型商用车驾驶室内低频轰鸣声严重的问题，基于Zwicker响度模型，在matlab中建立频域的混响场特征响度计算模型。结合路试实验激励数据和驾驶室有限元声-固耦合模型，对驾驶室内噪声响度分布和响度结构板块贡献量进行计算，识别不同板材振动产生的辐射噪声分量对驾驶室内噪声品质频谱特性的影响。实验结果表明：相对于声压级，采用响度作为分析参数提高了驾驶室内噪声源识别精度，指导结构优化设计，改善车内声学品质具有更好的效果。

The Virtual Loudness Mapping of Noise Source Identification Analysis and Optimization in Vehicle Interior Noise

This paper discussed the shortcomings of traditional sound pressures level, such as the lack of subjectivity consideration for noise and so on. A virtual method of prediction loudness characteristic and identifying noise sources which based on human auditory properties were applied to analyze vehicle interior noise. In order to reduce the commercial vehicle interior low booming , it was the first found a characteristic loudness calculation model of diffuse sound field in matlab, which was based on Zwicker model. Secondly, the excitation singles at the suspension mountings and responding singles of the interior noise were measured with road testing. And to predict and calculation the loudness mapping and structure contribution of the cab, an acoustic-structure coupled finite element model was established. In both applications, they were used for analysis relationship of vehicle interior noise source from different plates and sound quality frequency spectrum design. The results of noise source identification in both applications revealed that the loudness mapping of noise source identification method enabled the detection rattling sources from cab plates vibration to be more effective compared to the use of SPL. Thus, according this method, the acoustic optimization of the cab was designed and displayed excellent performance.