基于车桥耦合振动的车辆舒适性分析

研究车桥耦合振动引起的车辆舒适性问题对合理设计桥梁结构，从而减小车桥耦合振动响应和提高司乘人员的乘坐质量具有重要意义。分别利用有限元法和达郎伯原理建立了大跨度公路斜拉桥三维模型和9个自由度的车辆空间模型。通过位移和力的协调条件将车桥两个子系统耦合起来，求解车桥系统的振动微分方程。基于计算机软件ANSYS中的APDL语言编写了求解振动微分方程迭代计算的命令流，以ISO2631-1―1997标准建立了评价车辆舒适性的方法，并据此分析了主跨为550m的福建长门大桥在多车辆通过时考虑不同车速和车重时的车辆动力响应和车辆舒适性。计算结果表明，随着车速的增加，车辆的动力响应增加，舒适性变差；而随着车重的增加，车辆的动力响应减小，舒适性变好。

The Analysis on the Vehicle Ride Comfort Based on Vehicle-bridge Coupled Vibration

It is of significance to study the problem of vehicle comfort due to vehicle-bridge coupled vibration for reasonably designing the bridge structure, and then decreasing the response of vehicle-bridge coupled vibration and improving the ride quality of driver and conductors. A 3 dimensional model of highway cable-stayed bridge with long span and a vehicle spatial model with 9 degrees of freedom are respectively established according to finite element method and D’Alembert theory. The two subsystems of vehicle and bridge are coupled by compatible conditions of displacement and force to solve the vibration differential equations of vehicle-bridge coupled system. The iterative calculation command stream to solve coupled vibration differential equations of vehicle-bridge system is compiled by APDL language in computer software ANSYS. The method to evaluate the vehicle ride comfort is established according to the criteria in ISO2631-1―1997. The vehicle dynamic responses and ride comfort are analyzed considering different vehicle speed and vehicle gravity when multiple vehicles pass the Fujian Changmen cable-stayed bridge with main span of 500m. The results calculated indicate that the dynamic responses of vehicles increase with the increment of vehicle speed, resulting in the vehicle ride comfort to be worse; the dynamic responses of vehicles decrease with the increment of vehicle gravity, bring about the vehicle ride comfort to be better.