Modal characteristics of ARROW-type vertical-cavitysurface-emitting lasers |
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| Authors: | Tae-Woo Lee Hagness S.C. Delai Zhou Mawst L.J. |
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| Affiliation: | Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Wisconsin Univ., Madison, WI; |
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| Abstract: | Antiresonant reflecting optical waveguide (ARROW-type) vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers are designed for high-power single-mode operation. A detailed full-vector finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) study shows strong modal discrimination in favor of the fundamental mode for large aperture (>6 μm), large index-step (Δn>0.025) simplified ARROW-type devices. The FDTD model identifies the polarization-dependent radiation losses of the higher order modes, which prevent them from reaching laser threshold |
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