楔式动力卡盘的静态夹紧力特性研究

为了能够有效地通过增大静态夹紧力来提高动力卡盘的极限转速,保证高速切削过程的安全性,通过理论、仿真和实验相结合的方法,从卡盘的使用参数、结构参数、润滑条件以及强度等方面,对楔式动力卡盘的静态夹紧力特性进行研究.研究表明:楔心套与基爪的润滑条件对静态夹紧力的影响很大;在卡盘相邻2次夹持工件时,增加空行程次数可以有效减轻重复夹紧造成的润滑条件恶化;夹紧效率越高的结构,其静态夹紧力的稳定性越好,即由于润滑条件恶化造成的夹紧力损失越小;综合考虑静态夹紧力的大小和稳定性,楔式动力卡盘的楔角大小最好在10°～20°之间选择;卡盘的最大静态夹紧力由卡盘的强度决定,在生产中应该注意加强基爪楔形齿处的强度.

Static Clamping Force Characteristics Analysis of Wedge Type Power Chuck

One efficacious method for improving the limiting speed of power chuck is to raise the static clamping force. By using the method of theoretical modeling, simulation and experiment, the static clamping force characteristics was studied sys-tematically in terms of operation parameter, structural parameter, lubrication conditions, and strength of the wedge type power chuck The investigation performed showed that friction, especially of the friction taking place on the contact surface between the wedge actuator and base jaw, is a great influence on the magnitude of static clamping force. Before the twice clamping a workpiece using a chuck, it was suggested to operate the chuck with thrice virtual travel to reduce the deterioration of lubrication condition. The chuck structure which has a higher clamping efficiency will have a fewer static clamping force loss caused by the enlargement of friction. With comprehensive consideration of magnitude and stability of static clamping force, the wedge angle of chuck should be selected from 10° to 20°. The maximum static clamping force is limited by the strength of chuck, especially by the strength of wedge type teeth of base jaw.